As the athlete get closer to returning to his or her desired sport, Injury prevention should be the main area of consideration. For preventing injuries the athlete must have enough ROM, muscle strength, power, proprioception, balance, neuromuscular control. Plyometrics are comparatively a great treatment of choice for these type of patients.
Plyometrics are exercises that uses counter movements (Quick Stretches) to produce a strong powerful concentric action through the use of the elastic properties of the tendon and muscles.
Mechanism of action..
Neurophysiological model : According to this model plyometrics work using the kinetic energy stored in the muscle as a result of quick stretch. Based upon this model quick stretch always produces a Reflex muscle action called stretch reflex.
Mechanical Model : This theory states that muscle tendon and connective tissue have elastic properties. As a result of quick stretch the muscle under go quick contraction that inturn produces muscle power.
Stretch Shortening cycle
Plyometrics usually comprises of three distinctive phases. these three cycles altogether called as Stretch Shortening Cycle. The three phases includes Eccentric/ Down phases, Amortization/ transition phase and Concentric/Up phase.
The Eccentric or Down phase : is when agonist muscle is being stretched or loaded and the stimulation of muscle spindles sends signal to the spinal cord. Also more kinetic energy is stored inside the muscles
The Amortization or Transition Phase : Period between Up And down phase. This Phase is characterized by brief but strong isometric contractions.
The Concentric Or Up phase : In this phase the The stored energy and reflex mechanism result concentric contraction of the agonist.
Effect Of Plyometrics
Improve Strength
Improve ROM
Improve proprioception
Improve neuromuscular cordinations
Improve Balance
Prepared By
Dr.. Athul Chandran (PT)
BPT, MPT ( Orthopedics)
Senior Specialist Physiotherapist , Rebounds physiotherapy and rehabilitation center.
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